Art Psychotherapy, Art Therapy, Art as Therapy — What’s the Difference?

What’s It All About?

These terms are often used interchangeably, which can make it difficult to understand what they actually mean and how they differ. Let’s break it down:

drawing using sumi ink on paper

Art Therapy

Art therapy is an evidence-based mental health treatment provided by a registered professional. It involves the purposeful use of art and art materials to support psychological well-being. The therapist typically supplies the materials and invites the client to use them in a way that supports their therapeutic goals.

In art therapy, the process is often prioritised over the final product. For example, the focus may be on the qualities of the materials, the client's emotional or physical responses to using them, and what this reveals about their inner experience.

Art Psychotherapy

Art psychotherapy builds on the foundation of art therapy by using art as a tool to explore deeper emotional and psychological themes. This can include subconscious material, symbolic representation, and the dynamic between client and therapist, such as transference related to the artwork.

There is often significant overlap between art therapy and art psychotherapy, and practitioners may blend both approaches within a session. This integration should feel seamless to the client.

Art as Therapy

This term refers to the personal and therapeutic benefits of art-making, often done independently. It may take the form of a hobby, a relaxation activity, or part of an ongoing creative practice. While it can be deeply rewarding and even transformative, it is not considered formal therapy unless guided by a trained professional.

A Note on Creativity and Healing

When people say “all art-making is therapeutic,” they may be unintentionally conflating these concepts. Creativity can certainly be soothing, fulfilling, and emotionally enriching—but it can also be challenging. For some, engaging with certain materials may evoke difficult emotions or reactions.

The field of art therapy continues to grow and evolve, with increasing evidence supporting its effectiveness worldwide. It offers a powerful therapeutic relationship between client and therapist, particularly for individuals seeking alternatives to traditional, verbal forms of expression and communication.

If you are interested in exploring art therapy get in touch to learn more!

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